Topic

Immigration and citizenship

Which governments hold powers over immigration and citizenship, and the laws that give them those powers.

Governments covering Toronto · About Toronto

Each power below comes from a law, agreement or official page, linked under it. This page lists the powers each government holds. It does not say how they are used.

Provincial

Legislative Assembly of Ontario

Governs Ontario

Agriculture and immigration Report

Laws on agriculture and on immigration into Ontario, shared with Parliament; a federal law prevails where they conflict (Constitution Act, 1867, s. 95).
Source: laws-lois.justice.gc.ca, checked Oct 11, 2026

Federal

Parliament of Canada

Governs Canada

Immigration and citizenship Report

Exclusive: "Naturalization and Aliens" (Constitution Act, 1867, s. 91(25)). Concurrent: laws "in relation to … Immigration into all or any of the Provinces"; a provincial immigration law has effect only so far as it is not repugnant to an Act of Parliament (s. 95).

Immigration is shared with the provinces (s. 95); naturalization is federal (s. 91(25)).
Source: laws-lois.justice.gc.ca, checked Oct 11, 2026

No power over immigration and citizenship recorded

Other governments covering Toronto. We have no power over immigration and citizenship on record for them. If one holds such a power, tell us.

Municipal: Toronto City Council
School board: Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir, Conseil scolaire Viamonde, Toronto Catholic District School Board, Toronto District School Board
Provincial: Executive Council of Ontario

Sources

laws-lois.justice.gc.ca · checked Oct 11, 2026 Constitution Act, 1867, ss. 92, 92A, 93, 94A, 95 (Justice Laws website consolidation). For: Agriculture and immigration (Legislative Assembly of Ontario)
laws-lois.justice.gc.ca · checked Oct 11, 2026 Text quoted from the Constitution Acts (Justice Laws Website, current to 2026-09-21). For: Immigration and citizenship (Parliament of Canada)

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